| A Meta-Analysis of Tick Species Implicated in Lyme Borreliosis Transmission in Iran: Vector Biology and Control Approaches in Humans and Canines |
| Paper ID : 1129-IPCA5 (R1) |
| Authors |
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Mehrdad Pooyanmehr * Assistant Professor of Immunology, Department of Basic Sciences and Pathobiology, Section of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. |
| Abstract |
| Lyme borreliosis (LB) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by Borrelia spp. and transmitted primarily by Ixodid ticks. In Iran, the presence of ticks and the potential for LB transmission remain understudied, despite reports of tick-borne diseases in both humans and canines. Understanding the vectorial role, ecology, and control measures for tick species in Iran is crucial for managing LB risk. This meta-analysis aims to examine the vectorial role of tick species in the transmission of Lyme borreliosis in Iran. It focuses on the morphology, life cycle, and control strategies targeting ticks in humans and dogs. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and other relevant databases up to 2025. Studies were included based on criteria related to tick species identification, their role in LB transmission, life cycle details, and control methods. Data on the distribution, ecology, and efficacy of control measures were extracted. Statistical analysis, including random-effects models, was performed to determine the prevalence of Borrelia spp. in tick populations across Iran. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I² statistics, and publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test. A total of 32 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The most commonly reported tick species associated with LB transmission in Iran were Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor spp. The overall prevalence of Borrelia spp. in tick populations was found to be 5.6% (95% CI: 3.4–9.8%). Ticks were primarily found in forested and rural areas, with peak activity from April to October. Control strategies, including acaricides and environmental management, showed limited effectiveness. The findings suggest that ticks in Iran, particularly Ixodes spp., are competent vectors for LB transmission. However, surveillance and control measures remain insufficient. A more integrated approach to tick control, including veterinary interventions for canines, is necessary. Lyme borreliosis poses a growing public health threat in Iran. Effective surveillance, tick control, and public awareness campaigns are essential to reduce the risk of Lyme borreliosis in humans and dogs. |
| Keywords |
| Borrelia burgdorferi, dogs, Iran, Ixodes spp, life cycle, Lyme disease, meta-analysis, tick morphology, vector control |
| Status: Abstract Accepted |
